1. Cleopatra Keno Free Slots
2. Download Cleopatra Keno For Free

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Cleopatra Keno Introduction. Cleopatra Keno is a video keno variant in which the player wins 12 free games if the last ball drawn contributes to a player win. All wins in free games are doubled. Free games do not earn additional free games. Following are some common pay tables for Cleopatra Keno. The return is in the bottom row. Play free Cleopatra Slot Games Online at SlotsUp.com. The Cleopatra topic is used by small and large casino game developers. For instance, ou can find the Cleopatra and Cleopatra II games in IGT collection, the Secrets of Cleopatra created by SkillOnNet, the Cleopatra Coins by Rival, the Grace of Cleopatra by EGT and so on.

Somebody asked me about the variance of Cleopatra Keno. I had to dust off my college statistics books to help me with that one. As a reminder, it plays like conventional spot keno, except if the last ball drawn contributes to a win, the player gets 12 free games with a 2x multiplier. Free games do not earn more free games. Let's use the 3-10-56-180-1000 pick-8 pay table as an example.
To begin, recall var(x + y) = var(x) + var(y) + 2*cov(x,y)
In this case of this game, var(entire game) = var(base game) + var(bonus) + 2*cov(base game,bonus)
Let's start with the variance of the base game.

Catch	Pays	Winning combinations	Probability	Return	exp win^2
0	0	2,558,620,845	0.088266	0.000000	0.000000
1	0	7,724,138,400	0.266464	0.000000	0.000000
2	0	9,512,133,400	0.328146	0.000000	0.000000
3	0	6,226,123,680	0.214786	0.000000	0.000000
4	3	2,362,591,575	0.081504	0.244511	0.733533
5	10	530,546,880	0.018303	0.183026	1.830259
6	56	68,605,200	0.002367	0.132536	7.422014
7	180	4,651,200	0.000160	0.028882	5.198747
8	1000	125,970	0.000004	0.004346	4.345661
Total	28,987,537,150	1.000000	0.593301	19.530214

As a reminder, the variance equals exp(x^2) - (e(x))^2.

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So, var(base game) = 19.530214 - 0.593301^2 = 19.178208.
Next, let's do the variance of the bonus, given that the player won the bonus in the first place. Recall var(ax) = a^2 * var(x). In the bonus there are 12 doubled free games. So the variance of a bonus would be...
12 * 2^2 * 19.178208 = 920.554000.
However, the player doesn't always win the bonus. This was a tricky step. It would have been nice to just multiply that by the probability of winning the bonus of 0.021644, but you can't.
Let's do the easy part first. The average bonus win is 12*2*0.593301 = 14.239212. The expected win from the bonus on any given spin is prob(bonus)*(average bonus) = 0.021644 * 14.23921236 = 0.308198. Not that we directly care, but the overall return of the game is exp(base game) + exp(bonus) = 0.593301 + 0.308198 = 0.901498.
To find the exp(x^2) of the bonus, recall variance = exp(x^2) - (e(x))^2.
To rearrange:
exp(x^2) = var(x) + (e(x))^2.
In the case of the bonus, given a bonus win in the first place:
exp(x^2) = 920.554000 + 14.239212^2 = 1123.309169.
Now we're ready to find the overall variance from the bonus (including when the player doesn't win it):
We already know exp(bonus win) = 0.308198.
exp((bonus win)^2) = 0.021644 * 1123.309169 = 24.313239.
Thus the variance of the bonus on each spin is 24.313239 - 0.308198^2 = 24.218253.
Next, let's do the covariance. Why is there any covariance, you might ask? It's because the player has to hit a winning ball on the last draw to trigger the bonus. Given the fact that the last ball won makes it more likely the player won money in the base game on that spin. In other words, winning the bonus is correlated to winning something on the base spin.
We'll need to know the expected win in the base game, given that the bonus was won. Here is that table:

Catch	Pays	Winning combinations	Probability	Return
0	0	-	0.000000	0.000000
1	0	-	0.000000	0.000000
2	0	-	0.000000	0.000000
3	0	-	0.000000	0.000000
4	3	472,518,315	0.753119	2.259358
5	10	132,636,720	0.211402	2.114019
6	56	20,581,560	0.032804	1.837010
7	180	1,627,920	0.002595	0.467036
8	1000	50,388	0.000080	0.080310
Total	627,414,903	1.000000	6.757734

From our college statistics class, we know cov(x,y) = exp(xy) - exp(x)*exp(y).
Exp(xy) = 0.021644 * 6.757734 * 14.239212 = 2.082719.
So, the overall covariance is 2.082719 - 0.593301 * 0.308198 = 1.899865.
Thus, our bottom line is:
var(base game) + var(bonus) + 2*cov(base game,bonus) = 19.178208 + 24.218253 - 2*1.899865 = 47.19619.
Here is a summary of the key numbers.

Exp base win	0.593301
Exp bonus	0.308198
Return of game	0.901498
Average base win given bonus won	6.757734
Average bonus	14.239212
Prob bonus	0.021644
Variance base win	19.178208
Variance bonus, given bonus	920.554000
win^2 in bonus	1123.309169
Variance bonus	24.218253
covariance	1.899865
total variance	47.196191

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I hope the one who asked me (I'm not sure if I can state his name) is happy, this took hours, including running a simulation to confirm the answer.As usual, a post that took me hours to write gets no replies.ck1313

As usual, a post that took me hours to write gets no replies.

Come on Mike, it's only been 3 hours since you posted it. :P
And well done! I haven't done much work with covariance. I took college statistics, but I definitely didn't learn covariance well and definitely hadn't seen it applied to a gaming example with careful detail. This is a fairly difficult calculation for most adults to do, and I think you guided the reader very well. So if even the person who asked didn't learn anything, at least I did!
Also writing any post on here that uses a table is a royal PITA and will take forever to write unless you have a nice script to add rows and columns.Thanks guys for the replies, although I'm sure they were sympathetic. To be honest, it was good for me to review those formulas and I'll get mileage from it as a future 'ask the wizard' question.Gialmere

As usual, a post that took me hours to write gets no replies.

Sorry. I hang out at a website that taught me Keno was for suckers so I tend not to read articles about the game.djatcmiplet

Also writing any post on here that uses a table is a royal PITA and will take forever to write unless you have a nice script to add rows and columns.

I've been using http://miplet.net/table/ for a long time. Just copy and paste from a spreadsheet.